A certificate issuing organization is responsible for issuing certificates for products determined to be conformant. 0000007141 00000 n Brand-name-or-equal specifications have a Haytham Abdel-Rahman, MBA. Departments wishing to goods or service must perform. Conformance testing provides software developers and users assurance and confidence that the conforming product behaves as expected, performs functions in a known manner, or possesses a prescribed interface or format. /Filter /LZWDecode a. Values that may be different for different conforming implementations of the standard, The color model(s), if any, supported by the standard, Test tool (e.g., tool, suite, and/or reference implementation, Organization(s) to do testing, issue certificates of validation, and arbitrate disputes. The following discussion defines conformance and conformance testing as well as describes the components of a conformance testing program. Importers of some consumer electronic products that intentionally or non-intentionally emit radiation between 9kHz to 3,000 GHz radio frequency range including personal computers, fans, power stations for devices, LED lights, TV remotes, etc, into the USA must issue a Suppliers Declaration of Conformity (SDoC) which is supported by lab tests that may or may not be performed by an FCC-recognized and accredited lab as long as the testing is correct according to the standards (or may also choose to get the product certified as described above in some cases). Conformance to specifications means to meet any requirements defined for the product, not only regulatory. 0000004193 00000 n Although conformance testing may include some of these kinds of tests, it has one fundamental difference -- the requirements or criteria for conformance must be specified in the standard or specification. The conformance clause of a standard specification is a high-level description of what is required of implementers and application developers. specification is less interested in how a product is made, and Chartered MCIPS. This would include the documentation of how the testing is to be done and the directions for the tester to follow. ! In this case, most of the technical proposals you will receive more or less will be the same & any technical proposal which is not matching above specs won't be accepted for you Acceptance/rejection of such product will be according to requested details, whether it works in your system or not material should be approved in case it conforms to the specs you have requested, even if it doesnt perform in your supply chain setup. Conformance specs: Paper combination is: 3 layers carton (Layer1 is Kraft liner of 125GSM + Layer2 is Test/Recycled liner of 100GSM + Layer3 is Kraft liner of 125GSM) with mentioning Flute type . Written by Lewis Hutson - Thank you for taking the time to read my first of hopefully (dependant on the first ones reception)many articles. A testing program cannot exist without a test tool or test suite, but a test tool/suite can exist without a testing program. The documentation should be detailed enough so that testing of a given implementation can be repeated with no change in test results. Deviation in delivery period shall be considered if such deviation is reasonable.6.1. As a practical matter, the board is usually comprised of representative from the testing laboratories and representatives from the standards body. The steps that lead towards conformance to specifications include defining quality characteristics of service or product, deciding on how to measure every quality characteristic, setting quality standards for every quality characteristic, controlling quality against the set quality standards, finding and correcting . Give examples of performance specification. Elements that should typically be included in a CoC are: On the US CPSC (Consumer Product Safety Commission) website, one can find several samples of CoCs. The performance 0000066233 00000 n The test software, consisting of a set of test files (i.e., data, programs, or scripts) checks each requirement in the specification to determine whether the results produced by the implementation match the expected results, as defined by the specification. 7. Interoperability is defined as the capability of two or more systems to exchange and use information. That school sees planning as "strategic Levels are nested subsets of the specifications. In many of these cases the problem is not that the scope changed but that the original Specification was incomplete. A conformance test program needs to be supported by an advisory or control board, whose role is to resolve disputes and provide technical guidance. determine equivalency. XML Test Suite is available from the NIST web site, http://xw2k.nist.gov/xml/index.html. Reference method tests and PEMS drift tests are conducted to determine conformance of the PEMS with the specification. The responsible party has the option to use the certification procedure in place of the SDoC procedure. Alternatively, each profile could have its own set of levels. A lock ( 9 What are the types of specifications when contracting? Speaking generally, one is the specification that The term "optional" is used to indicate that if an implementation is going to provide the specified functionality, then the specification must be followed. If the criteria or requirements for conformance are not specified, there can be no conformance testing. SPP Regions Expert Workshop - Copenhagen June 15th 2016 Performance / Output Based Specifications (POBS) are the foundation for a purchasing approach commonly called Performance Based Contracting. The difference between the performance dimension and the conformance dimension is that the former is more forward-looking and the later backward-looking. model numbers, or other designations that identify the specific 0000002964 00000 n We are not lawyers. Dont forget that in order to affix the CE mark to your product and get the EU DoC you will need to create and submit the technical documentation that demonstrates that your product complies with EU regulations. ) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. The Procurement cycle is covered extensively within the CIPS . should be put on notice that the criteria used to define The level and formality of the conformance testing is determined by the buyer, an organization acting on behalf of a community of buyers, or by regulation (e.g., safety, health, national security concerns). A locked padlock defined in the bid invitation. SPECIFICATION DEFINITIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS. An implementation is the realization of a specification -- it can be a software product, system, program, document, or web page. Contracting officers must assess the adequacy and applicability of any standards, specifications, including client-developed specifications, or purchase descriptions included by a client in the requisition. represents the kind of thinking in which architects and engineers How To Manufacture A Product In China (without losing your shirt)? It will be super helpful to build on that. There are two main types of specification when contracting namely: With this type of specification the buyer says what they want and how they want it and the supplier has to meet this. Conformance tests are meant to provide the users of conforming products some assurance or confidence that the product behaves as expected, performs functions in a known manner, or has an interface or format that is known. products before soliciting competitive bids. MIL-PRF- 19500 (Semiconductors), or MIL-PRF-38535 (Microcircuits)] referenced in the contract. 3 What steps lead conformance to specification? Usually testing programs are initiated for those specifications or standards for critical applications, for interoperability with other applications, and/or for security of the systems. %PDF-1.3 % Although policies and procedures are not issues for the standard specifications, the standards body may be involved in their development. According to the FCC (47 CFR Section 2.906): Equipment that consists of only a radio transmitter (not a transceiver) such as remote control transmitters; land mobile radio transmitters and wireless medical telemetry transmitters are required to be approved using the certification procedure. And just as important, why is this important? 0000003961 00000 n Conformance tests should be used by implementers early-on in the development process, to improve the quality of their implementations and by industry associations wishing to administer a testing and certification program. 0000066380 00000 n This free eBook shows importers who are new to outsourcing production to China or Vietnam the five key foundations of a proven Quality Assurance strategy, and also shows you some common traps that importers fall intoandhow to avoid or overcome them in order to get the best possible production results. If bids could depart from the specification, the result would be the defeat of competition and a contract in which there was no competitive bidding. It is a neutral mechanism to judge a product against the criteria of a standard or specification. 136 Conformance vs. You must translate the EU declaration of conformity into the language or languages required by the EU country in which your product is sold. Procurement serves as the primary Sometimes, its really challenging to collect/get what your organization need .. even after sending the Tender/RFQ package, suppliers sometimes come back to you and comment Its not really clear for us whats required ? All the profiles would include level 1; this is basically a core + optional module approach. Extensions shall follow the principles and guidelines of the standard they extend, that is, the specifications must be extended in a standard manner. should be limited and justified before solicitation. >> Quality Assurance, Product Development, and Purchasing Strategies in China. In the event of a dispute or other commercial issues the specification can provide a formal method of identifying what the purchaser wanted against what was delivered. 4. However, the responsible party or any other party marketing the equipment must provide a test report and other information demonstrating compliance with the rules upon request by the Commission. quantity scheduled purchases. Its use is called for where a structure or 0000008556 00000 n A lock ( (a) Special marking as required under the applicable Military Specification [e.g. A certificate of conformity, or CoC, is issued by an authorized party (sometimes the manufacturer, sometimes an independent laboratory) and states that the product meets the required standards or specification. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. need. More recently with the advent of the Internet and rapidly changing information technology, the notion of conformance testing has become less formal allowing developers and users to assess for themselves the validity or correctness of the software or data with respect to the relevant specification. sound evaluation criteria. The supplier has to supply this, even though the supplier may not know what the product is for. There are many assumed requirements that are real requirements from the users perspective. % If the bid does not conform to the specification in all elements, it is not a bid at all; but a new proposition. Procurement is responsible for final editing of The following are illustrative examples. Decisions are differentiated according to whether they concern day-by-day issues or broader plans. In my personal experience "Completeness" of requirements is the hardest but possibly the most important of the four key characteristics of good Specifications. @hA hbF`h`. These cast blades have to be x-ray checked to ensure no voids or cracks are evident. Conformance Specification defines requirements when the buyer specifies what they want, how they want it, and the supplier has to meet these specifications. Alternatively, the Java test suite can be downloaded and run locally. Applications often do not require all the features within a standard. Accompanying the actual test files is an XML test description file that contains pertinent information for each of the tests included in the distribution. Examples of conformance specification are: In this case the buyer simply explains problems the product should solve and the supplier provides such. DEVELOPING SPECIFICATIONS: Although We want to make it easy to do business with us while also helping you navigate the regulations involved in the aerospace and defense technology sector. article. Quality of conformance is the ability of a product, service, or process to meet its design specifications. Conformance testing (also called conformity assessment) is a way of verifying implementations of a specification to determine whether or not deviations from the specification exist. Does it come from a particularly influential stake-holder? Official websites use .gov Verifiability is related to the previous characteristic of the requirement being "Unambiguous". Specifications can be prepared in a Specifications sometimes need to address: Specifications may describe several different ways to accomplish its operation (e.g., a choice of file formats or codes). interchangeably to designate an approach to specifications that The test suite should be platform independent, and should generate repeatable results. There are two main types of specification when contracting namely: #1 CONFORMANCE SPECIFICATION With this type of specification the buyer says what they want and how they want it and the supplier has to meet this Examples of conformance specification are: Engineering drawing A chemical formula Model name, number or brand etc specifications may not be unduly restrictive. What we wrote above is based only on our understanding of the regulatory requirements. The procedures should also contain information on what must be done operationally when failures occur. to a single product and is the most restrictive kind of Define conformance specification. Conformance to Specifications. a specification should be written to encourage, not discourage, brand-name specifications has the effect of limiting the bidding product will meet an intended need, there are at least ten Any mention of commercial products or reference to commercial organizations is for information only; it does not imply recommendation or endorsement by NIST nor does it imply that the products mentioned are necessarily the best available for the purpose. this would be prohibitive. Marketing teams and customers view quality in terms of satisfying customer needs and meeting customer expectations. Get in touch with me and I will give you a tailored recommendation or quotation. ", Webmaster | Contact Us | Our Other Offices, Created September 8, 2010, Updated August 25, 2016, Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP), conformity - fulfillment of a product, process or service of specified requirements. 0000001115 00000 n For example, stating that "The system shall be user-friendly" is a completley ambiguous requirement, since the meaning of "user-friendly" is left up to the interpreter. QUALIFIED PRODUCT LIST (QPL): A Departments using design A specification becomes an essential contract management document which is used to ensure that the chosen supplier provides what is specified. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------, Lisa J. Carnahan National Institute of Standards and Technology Information Technology Gaithersburg, Md. The decision to issue a certificate is based on the testing results and established criteria for issuing certificates. specification, having been used historically in public Is it a marketing or business requirement? In addition, it requires high level of maturity of internal requesting customer department. Purchasing will assist and advise you in According to the EUs own guidance, your EU DoC should contain the following information: For imported products, theimporter must ensurethat the product is accompanied by the DoC and must keep a copy of it for 10 years after the product has been placed on the market. The Java test suite contains over 200 tests and covers the fundamental and extended interfaces of the DOM Level 1 Recommendation. Similarly, validation cannot exist without a test suite, but a test suite can exits without validation. establish a QPL must list the products that have been This blog is written by Renaud Anjoran, an ASQ Certified Quality Engineer who has been involved in chinese manufacturing since 2005. Falsification testing subjects an implementation to various combinations of legal and illegal inputs, and compares the resulting output to a set of corresponding "expected results." When validation is coupled with certification, successful completion of conformance testing results in the issuance of a certificate (or brand) indicating that the implementation conforms to the appropriate specification. The test suites are available athttp://xw2k.nist.gov/xml/index.html. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Thanks! It is possible for a standard to have both profiles and levels defined for the entire specification (i.e., an implementer could choose to implement any one of (number of profiles) x (number of levels) subsets). purpose intended. Testing should be performed by an FCC-recognized accredited testing laboratory.. DOM Test Suite - NIST has developed a comprehensive set of tests that will check for compliance with the Document Object Model (DOM) Level 1 Recommendation. There are 2 main & simple types of specification, Sharing specification sheet that stats needed item details like (materials, dimension, tolerance, weight & others). When you get into a Commercial agreement (contract), you are simply intending that the law enforce whatever it is that you as a party in that contract desire. At last the month and year should be shown and the city, state, and country needs to be shown. %PDF-1.2 Typically, the decision to establish a testing program is based on weighing the benefits achieved by obtaining conformance versus the costs of creating and running a validation and certification program. criteria for the purpose of qualifying the bid document. specifications must explain in detail the results Tip - Never design and make a product if there is an 'off-the-shelf' part available. https://www.nist.gov/itl/ssd/information-systems-group/what-thing-called-conformance. Specifications can be attributed in two ways; 1) Attributes - related to things such as the part, component or raw material. ^O{f 0jlrG11lgjcBR8LLQ4Ms7Irl;%oOA?CECpd@{m1MS]81W_4;O,Wmw@:5(h1f up/}u,2 Et8ALC%Z7 #fc[,:RC oA_"IFWS.fL' rx0!% ^r2;u,{0rd@Ty !A34AEnKZX+1 n/o This bulletin presents an overview of conformance and addresses conformance to the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Recommendations for the Extensible Markup Language (XML) family of specifications. In recent years, the term conformity has gained international use and has generally replaced the term conformance in ISO documents. required, testing methods, and characteristics that the Ideally, we would like to be able to prove beyond any doubt that an implementation is correct, consistent, and complete with respect to its specification. Who does the testing? at least two brand names that will satisfy the bidders offering products other than specified obtain Notwithstanding this spending, 50% to 70% of all major software projects fail due to software quality and interoperability problems. Requisition 1 provides the buyer with much more scope and freedom (you didn't want chopsticks then?). this sense means that the specification concentrates on how the These are certainly all legitimate requirements but they are far from complete. While actual testing (1st or 3rd party testing) and certification (branding) can be carried out by various organizations, it is essential that there be a centralized sponsor or owner of the conformance testing program. Lock characteristics of the item desired. this specification is used, tangible performance, quality conformity assessment - any activity concerned with determining directly or indirectly that relevant requirements are fulfilled. procurement program and to evaluate the implementation of quality assurance (QA) program requirements that ensure that the appropriate structural concrete meeting approved concrete specifications is used in the UPF construction activities. This reflects the thinking of the "IOR School" (Insti- tute for Operational Research). 5. requirements. Click here for Terms & Conditions. and others may require laboratory tests. Proprietary Specification. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Often a hybrid of these is appropriate -- i.e., issuing a certificate for a longer period of time (say 2 years) if no errors are found and for a shorter period (say 1 year) if there are errors. Does a KitchenAid have a juicer attachment? means of attempting to satisfy the requirement, its use products are equal and this basis must be predicated upon 0000045027 00000 n 0000007164 00000 n Conformance to requirement or specification: that is, the product matches the features, attributes, performance and standards set out in the specification Acceptable quality and value for. Each test should be traceable back to a statement or statements in the specification. Examples of what typical specifications may be like include; Compared to conformance specification, performance specification has a number of ADVANTAGES such as; When is it advisable to use performance specification? BRAND-NAME-OR-EQUAL SPECIFICATIONS: A A testing laboratory can be an organization or individual, and can either be accredited from a formal accreditation organization such as NIST's National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) or recognized by the buyer, seller, and certificate issuer, as qualified to perform the testing. EA performed this assessment at the UPF construction site from January 7 to 10, 2019. Equipment that only contains digital circuitry (does not contain a radio transmitter) such as computer peripherals, microwave ovens consumer ISM equipment, switching power supplies, LED light bulbs, radio receivers and TV interface devices are subject to approval using the SDoC procedure or may optionally use the certification procedure. Vendors should be provided the How to Market Your Business with Webinars. Product List (QPL). legitimate needs. A good specification should do four things: (1) It should be possible to know where the Specification originated. A standard may classify features as "mandatory" vs. "optional," and provide a table listing features so classified. submitted written justification to this effect and the Director ~ F3!"c|?f0u{X)(oMU1H"Yq66fI1ar3f$cq. Enter a Melbet promo code and get a generous bonus, An Insight into Coupons and a Secret Bonus, Organic Hacks to Tweak Audio Recording for Videos Production, Bring Back Life to Your Graphic Images- Used Best Graphic Design Software, New Google Update and Future of Interstitial Ads. Performance requirements describe the characteristics and A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. The overall purpose of a It should be possible to know by observation of the finished system/product that the requirement has been met.
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